Unoziva here kupatsanurwa uye kuburitsa zvinodiwa zvemarara engarava?

Nekuda kuchengetedza mhoteredzo yegungwa, zvibvumirano zvepasi rose nemitemo yemunyika nemirau zvakagadzira hurongwa hwakadzama pakurongwa nekuraswa kwemarara engarava.

Marara engarava akakamurwa muzvikamu gumi nerimwe

Ngarava ichakamura marara muzvikamu zveK, zvinoti: purasitiki, B tsvina yechikafu, C tsvina yemumba, D mafuta anodyiwa, e incinerator ash, f marara ekushanda, G chitunha chemhuka, H giya rehove, I tsvina yemagetsi, J cargo residu (zvinhu zvisingakuvadzi nharaunda yegungwa), K nhumbi dzakasara (zvinhu zvinokuvadza kunharaunda yegungwa).
Ngarava dzakashongedzerwa nemarara emarara emavara akasiyana-siyana kuchengetedza marudzi akasiyana emarara.Kazhinji: marara epurasitiki anochengetwa mutsvuku, marara ezvokudya anochengetwa mubhuruu, marara epamba anochengeterwa mugirini, marara emafuta anochengetwa ari mutema, uye marara emakemikari anochengetwa ari yeyero.

Zvinodiwa pakurasa marara mungarava

Marara engarava anogona kuraswa, asi anofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zve MARPOL 73 / 78 uye chiyero chekutonga chechikepe chinosvibisa mvura (gb3552-2018).
1. Zvinorambidzwa kurasa marara ezvikepe munzizi dziri mukati menyika.Munzvimbo dzegungwa umo marara emarara anobvumirwa, izvo zvinoenderana nekudzora zvinodikanwa zvichaitwa zvinoenderana nemhando dzemarara ezvikepe uye mamiriro enzvimbo dzegungwa;
2. Munzvimbo ipi neipi yegungwa, marara epurasitiki, mafuta anodyiwa, tsvina yemumba, madota echoto, midziyo yehove yakaraswa nemarara emagetsi achaunganidzwa orasirwa munzvimbo dzekugamuchira;
3. Kuraswa kwechikafu kuchaunganidzwa uye kuiswa munzvimbo dzekugamuchira mukati me3 nautical mamaira (kusanganisira) kubva kunyika iri pedyo;Munzvimbo yegungwa pakati pe 3 nautical miles uye 12 nautical mamaira (inosanganisira) kubva kunyika iri pedyo, inogona kubudiswa chete mushure mekupwanywa kana kupwanyika kusvika kuhupamhi husingapfuuri 25mm;munzvimbo yegungwa kupfuura 12 nautical mamaira kubva kune iri pedyo nyika, inogona kusunungurwa;
4. Zvisaririra zvekutakura zvichaunganidzwa uye kuendeswa munzvimbo dzekugamuchira mukati me12 nautical mamaira (kusanganisira) kubva kune iri pedyo nyika;Munzvimbo yegungwa 12 nautical mamaira kure nenyika iri pedyo, masara emutoro asina zvinhu zvinokuvadza kunharaunda yegungwa anogona kuburitswa;
5. Zvitunha zvemhuka zvichaunganidzwa zvoiswa munzvimbo dzekugamuchira mukati memakiromita gumi nemaviri (kusanganisira) kubva kunyika iri pedyo;Inogona kubudiswa munzvimbo yegungwa kupfuura 12 nautical mamaira kubva kunyika iri pedyo;
6. Munzvimbo ipi neipi yegungwa, mumiririri wekuchenesa kana chiwedzere chiri mumvura yekuchenesa yekutakura zvinhu, dhizaini uye kunze kwepasi hazvizobviswe kusvika isiri yezvinhu zvinokuvadza nharaunda yegungwa;Mamwe marara ekushanda achaunganidzwa uye oiswa munzvimbo dzekugamuchira;
7. Munzvimbo ipi neipi yegungwa, kubudiswa kwemarara akavhenganiswa emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemarara ezvikepe zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekudzivirira kwemhando imwe neimwe yemarara ezvikepe.

Kutakura marara kunogamuchira zvinodiwa

Tsvina yezvikepe isingagoni kubudiswa ichagamuchirwa kumahombekombe, uye chikepe uye marara ekugamuchira unit achazadzisa zvinotevera zvinodiwa:
. oparesheni.Kana paine shanduko mune yekugamuchira nekubata mamiriro, mushumo wekuwedzera uchaitwa nenguva.
2. Chikwata chekugamuchira tsvina yemudziyo chichabudisa tsvina yekugamuchira chiziviso kumudziyo mushure mekupedzwa kwebasa rekugamuchira, iro richasayirwa nemapato maviri ekusimbisa.Gwaro rinogashira rinosvibisa richaratidza zita rechikamu chekushanda, mazita ezvikepe zvemapato ese ari kushanda, nguva nenzvimbo iyo oparesheni inotanga nekupera, uye rudzi uye huwandu hwezvinosvibisa.Ngarava ichachengeta gwaro rekugamuchira nechikepe kwemakore maviri.
3. Kana marara echikepe akachengetwa kwenguva pfupi muchikepe chekugamuchira kana nzvimbo yechiteshi mushure mokugamuchira, chikwata chekugamuchira chichagadzira imwe nhoroondo yekunyora uye kupfupisa rudzi uye huwandu hwemarara;Kana pretreatment ikaitwa, zvirimo senge pretreatment nzira, rudzi / kuumbwa, huwandu (huremu kana vhoriyamu) yezvinosvibisa pamberi uye mushure mekugadzirisa zvicharekodhwa muakaundi.
4. Iyo ngarava inosvibisa inogamuchira unit ichaisa pamusoro yakagamuchirwa marara kune inosvibisa kurapwa unit ine qualification yakataurwa nehurumende kuti irapwe, uye inoshuma huwandu hwese hwemidziyo inosvibisa kugamuchira uye kurapwa, risiti, kuendesa uye kurasa pepa, iyo qualification. chitupa chechikamu chekurapa, kuchengetedza zvinosvibisa uye rumwe ruzivo kune maritime administrative agency yekuisa mwedzi wega wega, uye chengeta risiti, kuendesa uye kurasa magwaro kwemakore mashanu.

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Nguva yekutumira: Sep-08-2022